Last data update: May 13, 2024. (Total: 46773 publications since 2009)
Records 1-3 (of 3 Records) |
Query Trace: Gray SK[original query] |
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Transmission of blood-borne pathogens in US dental health care settings: 2016 update
Cleveland JL , Gray SK , Harte JA , Robison VA , Moorman AC , Gooch BF . J Am Dent Assoc 2016 147 (9) 729-38 BACKGROUND: During the past decade, investigators have reported transmissions of blood-borne pathogens (BBPs) in dental settings. In this article, the authors describe these transmissions and examine the lapses in infection prevention on the basis of available information. METHODS: The authors reviewed the literature from 2003 through 2015 to identify reports of the transmission of BBPs in dental settings and related lapses in infection prevention efforts, as well as to identify reports of known or suspected health care-associated BBP infections submitted by state health departments to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. RESULTS: The authors identified 3 published reports whose investigators described the transmission of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus. In 2 of these reports, the investigators described single-transmission events (from 1 patient to another) in outpatient oral surgery practices. The authors of the third report described the possible transmission of hepatitis B virus to 3 patients and 2 dental health care personnel in a large temporary dental clinic. The authors identified lapses in infection prevention practices that occurred during 2 of the investigations; however, the investigators were not always able to link a specific lapse to a transmission event. Examples of lapses included the failure to heat-sterilize handpieces between patients, a lack of training for volunteers on BBPs, and the use of a combination of unsafe injection practices. CONCLUSIONS: The authors found that reports describing the transmission of BBPs in dental settings since 2003 were rare. Failure to adhere to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommendations for infection control in dental settings likely led to disease transmission in these cases. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The existence of these reports emphasizes the need to improve dental health care personnel's understanding of the basic principles and implementation of standard precautions through the use of checklists, policies, and practices. |
Ecological-type inference in matched-pair studies with fixed marginal totals.
Barker LK , Griffin SO , Jeon S , Gray SK , Vidakovic B . Stat Med 2011 30 (5) 541-8 This paper applies a Bayesian approach to ecological-type inference in matched-pair studies because traditional methods that assume parallel tables are not directly applicable. The proposed procedure is based on a hierarchical Bayes structure which models information about the within-pair association. The proposed algorithm relies on Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation, recovers the full table, and reports its accuracy in terms of credible sets for the cell counts. This methodology is motivated and illustrated with examples from split-mouth designs assessing the effectiveness of dental sealant materials and cross-over trials comparing two forms of insulin. Published in 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. |
Preventing dental caries through school-based sealant programs: updated recommendations and reviews of evidence
Gooch BF , Griffin SO , Gray SK , Kohn WG , Rozier RG , Siegal M , Fontana M , Brunson D , Carter N , Curtis DK , Donly KJ , Haering H , Hill LF , Hinson HP , Kumar J , Lampiris L , Mallatt M , Meyer DM , Miller WR , Sanzi-Schaedel SM , Simonsen R , Truman BI , Zero DT . J Am Dent Assoc 2009 140 (11) 1356-65 BACKGROUND: School-based sealant programs (SBSPs) increase sealant use and reduce caries. Programs target schools that serve children from low-income families and focus on sealing newly erupted permanent molars. In 2004 and 2005, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, sponsored meetings of an expert work group to update recommendations for sealant use in SBSPs on the basis of available evidence regarding the effectiveness of sealants on sound and carious pit and fissure surfaces, caries assessment and selected sealant placement techniques, and the risk of caries' developing in sealed teeth among children who might be lost to follow-up. The work group also identified topics for which additional evidence review was needed. TYPES OF STUDIES REVIEWED: The work group used systematic reviews when available. Since 2005, staff members at CDC and subject-matter experts conducted several independent analyses of topics for which no reviews existed. These reviews include a systematic review of the effectiveness of sealants in managing caries. RESULTS: The evidence supports recommendations to seal sound surfaces and noncavitated lesions, to use visual assessment to detect surface cavitation, to use a toothbrush or handpiece prophylaxis to clean tooth surfaces, and to provide sealants to children even if follow-up cannot be ensured. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: These recommendations are consistent with the current state of the science and provide appropriate guidance for sealant use in SBSPs. This report also may increase practitioners' awareness of the SBSP as an important and effective public health approach that complements clinical care. |
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